Dr. Sharon Moalem And Jonathan Prince - 1264 Words

Diseases have been categorized as under a derogatory and lamentable category. However, Dr.Sharon Moalem and Jonathan Prince approach diseases from a different view in their scientific book Survival of the Sickest . They discuss that if diseases weren t helpful, shouldn t they have been eliminated through natural selection or shouldn t humans have developed resistance to them through the use of evolution? Moalem and Prince answer the questions by going back in time and analyzing the uses of diseases, and come across surprises that may help humans in the future as they may have in the past. Though Moalem and Prince discussed many diseases in their book Survival of the Sickest, three diseases really stood out. The first disease that stood out was hemochromatosis. This disease messes up how much iron the host’s body is producing, and how it s distributed. Usually, hemochromatosis builds up iron to dangerous levels that can harm almost any part of the host body, and may lead to de ath. Some symptoms include physical difficulty, an â€Å"achy feeling†, and pain in joints. Hemochromatosis was discovered to have most likely originated with the Vikings and the Vikings kept spreading the disease as they expanded their territories over Northern Europe. Though at first, hemochromatosis wasn t diagnosed properly (nowadays, we can diagnose hemochromatosis through blood tests), it was being treated by blood-letting (which actually did and still does work). After a recent study,Show MoreRelatedSurvival Of The Sickest By Sharon Moalem1628 Words   |  7 PagesJamie Zeng ID #: 5982 Stuyvesant High School Summer Reading Assignment 2015: Survival of the Sickest â€Å"What doesn’t kill us, makes us stronger† (p. 28). In the scientific novel Survival of the Sickest by Sharon Moalem with Jonathan Prince, self-acclaimed â€Å"Medical Maverick† Dr. Moalem makes in-depth analyses of current human diseases that, ironically, may have actually been beneficial to the survival and evolution of mankind throughout its existence on Earth. With the use of myriad scientific studiesRead MoreSurvival Of The Sickest By Sharon Moalem1806 Words   |  8 Pages â€Å"What doesn’t kill us, makes us stronger† (p. 28). In the scientific novel Survival of the Sickest by Sharon Moalem with Jonathan Prince, self-acclaimed â€Å"Medical Maverick† Dr. Moalem makes in-depth analyses of current human diseases that, ironically, may have led to the survival of mankind in the past. He presents a novel concept that greatly contradicts what have been universally accepted beliefs surrounding biology and the process of human evolution for a long time. With the use of myriad scientific

Differences in Ancient Rome and Han China - 944 Words

Han China and Classical Rome When comparing Han China and Classical Rome, many political, geographical, and religious similarities can be found, though many differences are also prevalent. Though Roman and Han political structures both emphasized bureaucracies, they came to them quite differently. Through copious amounts of expansion, both societies spread culture and earned money, though expansion was eventually their downfalls. Their religions differed immensely, with Rome emphasizing polytheism and Han China focusing on Confucianism. The differences and similarities between these two civilizations are to be discussed in this essay. Though both Rome and the Han dynasty were bureaucracies, both respective bureaucracies were quite†¦show more content†¦Though they were both able to trade due to their expansions and coasts, Rome did much more trade than Han China. Also, due to this vastness, both societies’ cultures were spread all over the world (which led to other civilizations forming) and their economies were boosted (which led to better conditions for the people). Religion in Rome and Han China had several similarities and differences. Not only did both their religions support political loyalty, and involvement, but they also played a huge role in society. Confucianism in Han China emphasized how to act towards others, especially parents and elders, and how to know ones place in society. Daoism there also emphasized nature and harmony, as Polytheism in Rome also focused on nature and how to care for and understand it. Polytheism in Rome was truly the center of all Roman tradition, as the gods and goddesses required many sacrifices and festivals in their honor. However, Confucianism was more of a social/political mindset than an actual religion, as it had no true god. Polytheism, however, had an overabundance of gods and goddesses, who were to be feared and regarded as sacred. It did not, however, focus on ethical thought and how to live, as Confucianism did extensively. Both Han China and Rome did have high tolerances for other religions, as long as they did not get in the way of state loyalty. Both societies’ political structures focused on Confucianism and polytheism, respectively, but the people were notShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Imperial Rome And Han China938 Words   |  4 Pages These two great empires Imperial Rome and Han China both had highly advanced political structures. These two empires both had highly political structures because Not only that but both of these two empires held on and retained many aspects from their previous empires or systems, like the Han Empire used aspects from the Qin dynasty while Imperial Rome used aspects from the Roman Republic. Another big similarity in these two EMpires was that they achieved great architectural achievements. TheRead MoreCompare And Contrast Rome And Han Empire1342 Words   |  6 PagesOver the last three centuries, Rome and the Han Dynasty were successful in their expansion throughout their respected parts of the world. Although both ran a very similar government, both successful civilizations did so using different methods. The Han would govern using imperial rule in addition to the Analects of Confucianism to run their political ideology. The Han Dynasty would eventually even change the text of the Analects per how they ruled through the original tablets. The Roman Empire wouldRead MoreHan China Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesImperial Rome and Han China had parallels and differences in methods of political control. The two civilizations both used the aspects of religion and belief systems to attain political influence over their subjects, but had differing methods to reach this goal. Standardization and cultural unity was a key factor in both civilizations regarding political control, as was expansion and growth of trade. The systems of belief of both Han China and Imperial Rome were quite different. Rome began withRead MoreROMAN EMPIRE AND THE HAN DYNASTY IN CHINA1441 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ROMAN EMPIRE AND THE HAN DYNASTY IN CHINA Rodrick Carter HIEU 201 Liberty University 29 November 2014 Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty in China The Roman Empire and Han Dynasty in China are two kingdoms that, despite the geographical difference between them, managed to achieve great success and failure in equal measure. Both were characterized by imperial dynasties that were headed by the emperors and they held large territories. Both of these kingdoms faced various challenges afterRead MoreComparison on the Polybius from Punic Wars and Ssu-ma Chi’en995 Words   |  4 Pagesthe end of the third century B.C., there were two independent and strong powers existing separately at the southeast of China in Asia and at the core area of Mediterranean in Europe, the Han dynasty and Rome. They have both reached the high point of the contemporary civilizations. Also, they formed their empires by defeating their own hostile forces. There are significant differences between the two great empires in their process of birth, growth and perfection, ruling ideologies and institutions andRead MoreAnalyze Similarities and Differences in Techniques of Imperial Administration in the Following Empires. Han China (206 B.C.E.–220 C.E.), or Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E.–476 C.E.)959 Words   |  4 PagesMost societies that developed in ancient civilizations were centered around some form of imperial administration and Imperial Rome (31 B.C.E.-476 C.E.) and Han China (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.) were no different in this sense. Both civilizations had a network of cities and roads, with similar technologies that catalyzed cultural amalgamation and upgraded the standard of living, along with comparable organizational structures. Additionally, both civilizations had problems managing their borders and usedRead MoreComparative Look At The Roman Empire And Han Dynasty Economies Essay1409 Words   |  6 Pages A COMPARATIVE LOOK AT THE ROMAN EMPIRE AND HAN DYNASTY ECONOMIES Scott Hosier History 111: World Civilization Before 1650 December 27, 2016 â€Æ' The Roman Empire and Han Dynasty had simple economies--when compared to current global economies--founded on agriculture, mining, trade, and taxation. Although those economies were straightforward it allowed civilizations to grow and eventually collapse. However, the two civilizations had drastically different methodologies on the exchange ofRead MoreThe Han Dynasty And Roman Empire1059 Words   |  5 PagesThe Han Dynasty ruled China from 206 B.C.E to 220 A.D, and Polybius wrote his account of Rome around 200 B.C.E. Though the Han Dynasty and Roman Empire existed simultaneously, they were vastly different because they were separated by thousands of miles and high mountain ranges. It is widely agreed upon that the two empires had very little contact, especially in the years when Polybius wrote his account. Though separated, the two empires developed their own societies that were highly sophisticatedRead MoreWomen and Their Roles in History2647 Words   |  11 Pagesthe society o f their time. These women of ancient civilizations have led us to the roles of women in our society today. 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Fall Down Seven Times, Stand Up Eight free essay sample

Climbing onto the ski lift, I began to shiver. The temperature below zero degrees, I couldnt contain my nervousness. Approaching the top of the hill, I grabbed my friend’s hand and slid off the ski lift. Seeing the massive hill before my eyes, I blinked in disbelief. â€Å"What did I join ski team†? I asked myself this over and over. But still couldnt come up with a logic answer. The Black Diamond hill. â€Å"Ready?† my friend asked. Without waiting for an answer, she went down the hill easily. I stood staring at the hill below me, not knowing what to do. So I waited for my friend to come back. â€Å"Going to stand up here all night?† she joked as she came back. Then, she gave me a push and I was on my way. I kept my balance in the beginning while my mind was racing, trying to think about my form, balance, and anything that would keep me from falling. We will write a custom essay sample on Fall Down Seven Times, Stand Up Eight or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But I was going so fast. The second I started to tilt my skis against the snow, I tumbled. It was all a blur of snow and skis in the air. Finally I came to a halt with a gust of misty snow, and a lost ski yards behind me. I looked up to the sky and laughed at myself. My friend came around and asked me if I was okay, trying to contain her own laughter. I hobbled up the hill to grab my other ski, and slid slowly back down. As my friend and I arrived at the top of the hill again, my nerves built. Not only did I have to face the threat of the Black Diamond again, but I had to ski a solemn race for the time trial. The order went varsity boys, varsity girls, junior varsity boys, junior varsity girls and then me. I studied each person as they went down the hill. It was my turn to go. I grabbed the bars and thrust myself forward. The trail was as slippery as ice. I faced both of my skis in a snow plow position to stop me from falling. But there was no way to slow down. I saw the last flag and flew past it. My skis went out of control and again, I fell. This time, not only did my friend see, but every parent spectator, and every other skier there, saw me fall. Face beating red from the snow and embarrassment, I skied down the rest of the hill slowly. Hearing laughs and whispers, I knew they were all about me. Little did they know, this was the first time I had ever skied in my life. As time went on, practices and races went as usual: wait until everyone went so I could ski on the icy path and fall in front of everyone. It became such an occurrence that I wasn’t embarrassed or nervous anymore. The skiers and parents expected me to fall. I became agitated when I couldnt stay up, but it only made me try harder each time. At the end of the ski season, I built stamina and endurance and I knew it was time for me to make it down the hill without falling. The coaches had also told me I could race for the junior varsity girls instead of my own, uncounted team. I now had a purpose, and I had to prove to every skier and parent there that I improved. I stared at the hill. This is it, I told myself. With a small tug on the bars, I slid down the hill, carefully concentrating, and not letting the nervousness take over my head. As I passed the last flag, a smile began to form on my face. I made it. I heard the crowd clapping and cheering for me as I swiftly braked my skis and came around the end zone. Even though I had gotten the slowest time out of all the racers, I was happy to make it down the hill without falling and to have at least received one counted time. Looking back to that freshmen winter, the falls I had pushed me further. Continuing with the same mindset in academics, sports, and work, whenever I fall, I bring myself up and try again.

Electronic Commerce and Social Commerce †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Electronic Commerce and Social Commerce. Answer: Introduction: Telstra Group being the telecommunication company has the asset classes of Land and site improvements, telecommunication assets, building and other property, plant and equipment. It applies straight line method depreciation on all the asset classes over the estimated useful life of the respective assets. Depreciation is not charged on those assets which are still in construction and are not ready for use. Depreciation is also calculated on leased assets over the term of the lease as per the latest AASB 16. The below table shows the useful life being considered in the company.(Ian, 2017) As per this, building falls under the useful life class of 4-48 years, communication equipments under 2-57 years and PPE under 4-20 years. These may change depending upon the assessment of useful (Annual Report, Telstra, 2017, pp 97) life being made by the management each year based on the international standards being followed in other telecommunication companies and in caser of communication equipments, technological obsolescence is also taken into consideration. In case the life needs to be changed, the revised depreciation is taken in the books on a prospective basis from the change year till the residual life is left including the current year. The impact of this was $84 MN in 2016 as compared to $166Mn in 2015. This can have a huge bearing on the financial profits of the year as the amount is material and it is one of the management estimates being taken into consideration here.(Downes, Mervin, Byrnes, Scuffham, 2017) In case of TPG telecom limited, depreciation policy is almost the same as was in Telstra Group, here the asset classes are categorized under the category Network Infrastructure, Land and building and Leasehold improvements. Here again, depreciation is charged on the straight line basis over the period of estimated useful life of the asset. Furthermore, depreciation will be charged on both the operating and finance leased assets as per AASB 16.(Curwen Whalley, 2017) The estimated life in case of TPG is estimated to be 3-35 yrs. for Network infrastructure, 40 years straightaway for building and 8 years for Leasehold (Annual Report, TPG Telecom, 2017, pp 50) improvement. An assessment of change in depreciation policy and estimated life, if any, is visited annually. Impact on Profitability: Based on the policies of depreciation in 2 companies, we can say that there though the disclosures are more in Telstra financials but it has a huge scope of manipulation of the profits based on the estimation of useful life and revision of policy, the impact of which can be seen in the last 2 years. In case of TPG, the policy is flat, but the disclosure is not adequate as the basis on which the revision of the useful life can be done hasnt been shown. However, on the hind side the chances of manipulation in its accounts is far more less.(Bena, Ferraira, Matos, Pires, 2017) This is an extract of depreciation expense for the year 2015 and 2016 for Telstra Group. (Annual Report, Telstra, 2017, pp 97) This is an extract of depreciation expense for the year 2015 and 2016 for TPG telecom limited. (Annual Report, TPG Telecom, 2017, pp 49) Analysis and Explanation on Inventory Valuation Telstra Group is valuing the inventories as per the IFRS standard i.e., lower of the net realisable value and the cost incurred. The cost is being determined using the weighted average cost method and the net realisable value is estimated selling price less cost incurred upfront and cost incurred as selling, distribution and marketing expenses to bring the same into the saleable condition. It uses the concept of fair value less the estimated cost of disposing it. However, in case of the construction contracts the net realisable value is amount expected to be earned from its use in the future. The finished goods here comprises those goods which are saleable within one year and also the spare parts to be used in maintaining the telecommunication networks. The company also procures some strategic inventories to be used for maintenance of long lasting network assets. The construction work in progress inventory implies the differential amount for progress billing less related costs and profits thereon recognised. The standard assumption here used by the management is to arrive at the net realisable value (Annual Report, Telstra, 2017, pp 106) which they determine using the future expected selling price of the contract taking into consideration both the future and current technological developments. (Turban, Whiteside, King, Outland, 2017) In case of the TPG Telecom Ltd., inventory in the books is valued at the lower of net realisable value and the cost incurred on the same. Net realisable value here is stated as the difference between the Estimated price of selling and estimated selling price to be incurred on it in the normal ordinary course of affairs. Further, in case the company acquires any other company via business combination, inventory would be valued using the fair value method, which again is estimated selling value less estimated cost incurred in normal business course.(Boccia Leonardi, 2016) Impact on Profitability: From the disclosure perspective, again Telstra is on positive side as it has almost mentioned all the possible break up and their method of valuation. From the profitability perspective, inventory can have major impact on the assets side when technological essence is taken into consideration and estimation of inventory value is done. Profits can be declined in case inventory is impaired materially due to huge technological changes and innovations, due to which the taxes will also have a downward increase resulting in less cash flow for the organization. (Capaldi, Idowu, Schmidpeter, 2017) Telstra Group categorizes its intangibles majorly into 4 categories: Goodwill, internally generated intangibles, acquired intangibles and deferred revenue expenditure. Goodwill is generally recognised at cost in a business combination or takeover (difference of payment consideration and fair value) and is not amortised. However, the same is assessed for impairment, if any on a yearly basis or when such situation arises.(AULICH, Jones, Head, 2017) Internally generated intangibles are generally the development cost incurred during a design or testing of newly introduced IT system that has future viability and is commercially feasible and also if the company has sufficient resources to complete it. Research costs are generally charged off to PL. These have a fixed life and amortized as per straight line method. Acquired intangible assets are either value at fair value (business combination) or at cost incurred (if acquired specifically). These generally have a fixed life and amortized as per straight line, however, in case it is for indefinite period, it is considered for assessment of impairment annually. The life of acquired intangibles, the value sat which it is recorded and the capitalisation of the development costs is all subject to management estimates. (Lin, Riccardi, Wang, 2017) In Telstra, management judgement is applied to determine the amortization period but for those where it is finite, the weighted average amortization is shown in the adjoining table. In case of TPG telecom Ltd., the major categorizations are amortizable and non-amortizable which is much more clear presentation as compared to Telstra where it may change every year based on assessment. The goodwill is recognized at cost and brand is recognized using Relief from Royalty procedure. Both of these are non-amortizable over its life, however, they are subject to impairment test annually. On the other hand, acquired customer bases are valued using discounted cash flow technique for the future expected benefits derivable and are amortized over the contract period using reducing balance method. Indefeasible rights of use of capacity are either valued at fair value or the present value of cash outflows to be made. These are amortised over the IRUs life. In case any subsequent expenditure is made which increases the economic benefits to be derived, the same is added to the cost of intangible assets. All the other intangible assets are amortized over the useful life using the straight line method. (Kodua Mensah, 2017) Analysing the valuation and amortization of the intangible assets by both the companies, it clearly states that TPG has more transparent techniques of valuation and amortization as compared to Telstra where most of the things are based on the management judgement. Recommendations Both the Telstra Group and TPG Telecom Ltd. belong to the same telecommunication industry having identical business and are situated in the same geography of Australia but the reporting structure in annual reports is entirely different. In Telstra, most of the significant policies are subject to management judgements and estimates whereas in case of TPG telecom, all the policies are clearly stated and are subject to less interference by management. This calls for recommendation that Telstra should report all its crucial policies in a much more concrete way and it should be subject to lesser interference as it impacts profitability and reporting by billions. Moreover, consistency is the essence of accounting which needs to be taken care as per the increased regulations by ACCA. On the other hand, TPG telecom needs to have a more detailed reporting on depreciation and the basis on which the valuation is being done in the case of inventories. Also, it has not disclosed the bifurcation o f the inventory which the user of the financial statement (like banks and other financial institutions) may ask for while approving the loan. (Flix, 2017) Further, it was also found in case of Telstra, that the useful life of land and building asset class is also changing, which not change in case of a telecommunication should company as its life is fairly the same unless a major wreck is foreseen. (Li, Sougiannis, Wang, 2017) References AULICH, C., Jones, S., Head, B. (2017). DIVESTMENT OF COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC ENTERPRISES IN AUSTRALIA: THE CUPBOARD IS BARE. Wiley Online Library, 9-21. Bena, J., Ferraira, M., Matos, P., Pires, P. (2017). Are foreign investors locusts? The long-term effects of foreign institutional ownership. Journal of Financial Economics, 21-35. Boccia, F., Leonardi, R. (2016). The Challenge of the Digital Economy. Markets, Taxation and Appropriate Economic Models, 1-16. Capaldi, N., Idowu, S., Schmidpeter, R. (2017). Dimensional Corporate Governance. CSR, Sustainability, Ethics Governance, 175-187. Curwen, P., Whalley, J. (2017). The evolution of US mobile operators within a multi-play world. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, 1(19), 40-57. Downes, M., Mervin, M., Byrnes, J., Scuffham, P. (2017, July). Telephone consultations for general practice: a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 1-10. Flix, M. (2017). A study on the expected impact of IFRS 17 on the transparency of financial statements of insurance companies. MASTER THESIS, 1-69. Ian, C. (2017). Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy. 30 years after launch: Recalling the first four years of telecom's cellular mobile service, 5(1), 4-40. Kodua, P., Mensah, P. (2017). The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Influencing Brand Loyalty: Evidence from the Ghanaian Telecommunication Industry. Marketing at the Confluence between Entertainment and Analytics, 77-90. Li, S., Sougiannis, T., Wang, I. (2017). Mandatory IFRS Adoption and the Usefulness of Accounting Information in Predicting Future Earnings and Cash Flows. SSRN , 1-47. Lin, S., Riccardi, W., Wang, C. (2017). Relative Effects of IFRS Adoption and IFRS Convergence on Financial Statement Comparability. SSRN, 16-40. Turban, E., Whiteside, J., King, D., Outland, J. (2017). Implementation Issues: From Globalization to Justification, Privacy, and Regulation. Introduction to Electronic Commerce and Social Commerc, 383-413.

Road Through The Rain Forest by David M Hayano free essay sample

Critical review of study of impact of modern world on Awa people of Papua New Guinea. David M. Hayano, in Road Through the Rain Forest, tells a compassionate, empathic and humanized story of the lives of the individuals of the Awa people of Highland Papua New Guinea at a time when their culture is undergoing dramatic changes brought about by the incursion of the world of progress and technology. It is a very personal narrative in which the author, striving for a living anthropology, includes his own life as an integral part of his work. As the author writes, These are not dramatized men and women, but actual individuals, some living, some dead, of flesh and blood. . . . Conventional ethnographies are usually writings about people with no personal names, no utterances, no feelings, no individual life experiences. Rather than beating the life out of the

Four Dimensions of Human Resource Management Practice Essays

Four Dimensions of Human Resource Management Practice Essays Four Dimensions of Human Resource Management Practice Essay Four Dimensions of Human Resource Management Practice Essay Human resource environment is a great factor which can directly affects employees morale and productivity if not properly managed. After internal and external environmental factors are well taken care of, employee can concentrate on their task at hand. A positive and friendly environment makes work more enjoyable for the employee and it help to develop sense of belonging to the organization. Areas of the management of human resource environment includes Strategic human resource management which combined human resource practices with organizations business policies to helps the organization to achieve its goal. It involves a pattern of planned human resource deployment and activity which can improved the organizations productivity. Next, we need to ensure that the organizations human resources management practices are complied with federal, states and countrys law. As the organization is set-up for business. Policies are being developed to support its operations. We need to determined if these policies are legal with the legislative and regulatory agencies of the country. This is critical to the organization as legal issues can affects organizations operation and become a burden to organizations success and survival. Lastly, we look at design and review of jobs that can motivates and satisfies the employee and therefore, increasing productivity and maximizes customer service with better quality of work. With motivated and satisfied employee, there will not be much changes of the companys human resource as people are happy with their work and unlikely to leave the organization. : This result in a reduction in resources need to train new employee annually. Acquiring and preparing human resources As customer needs for new product and services, organizations need to forecast the number of employees need and type of workers that meets the demand. Organization have to measure its present human resources configuration and relates it to future demand. Base on its knowledge of the workers personality, organizations need to decide on termination of service for unproductive employee, promotion and also plan for employees retirement. Getting the right people to replace them can be quite challenging task. This area includes recruitment, employee selection, human resource planning and training for workers to perform their task. They have to keep a lookout for potential individual who are able to deliver what customer wants. It is important to minimize errors in selection and placement of employee as it affects the organization ability to compete with rivals and also the applicants life. Employee will not do well in wrong area of job scope allocated and will in future become a burden to the company and effects ones social life. Training helps employee to develop skills which is need to perform for task base on organization requirement. As the employee can do his job well, he will become positive and motivated to make more contribution for the company and therefore, improve productivity. Assessment and development of human resources Managers and employee have the necessary skills to perform current job and to develop new skills to be able to cope with future assignment as more advance method of operation and technology have been introduced to the organization. In this area of human resources management, we need to measure the employees performance in term of weakness and strength and plan necessary development for them. Preparing the employee for future work roles and resolve any issue that is affecting them in work. We also need to ensure that employee have the competencies necessary for the task for organizations present and future operation. Educating employee with organizations long term goals and values in the industry. Develop interest for employee to work for the organization, creating a relationship between the organization and the employee. Justification for productive employee by promotion and bonus will retain them from competitors. Discipline and layoff unproductive employee as they are obstructive to organization progress and fellow employee. The objective is to achieve an ideal employment relationship and working environment that will benefit both the company and employee. Compensating human resources Pay and benefits are used to reward employees contribution to the company and also to attracts new workers. Other than interests in work, the next incentives that workers look forward to is pay and benefit. Positive influence on new work design, new technology and quality demands on production can be damaged if employee are compensated unfairly. This area of human resources management includes creating of a good pay system, reward employee contributions and provide them with benefits for working in the company. Using salary and benefits to recognize and reward employee base on performance, seniority and skills will helps to retain experience and productive personnel. Frequent change of employee will result in a slow down in companys operation as they are lack of experience and cohesiveness.

Analysis of a System, Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Analysis of a System, - Case Study Example y with distance from the city due to presence of junction on the road; where there is a road junction at far distance from the road traffic diverts and leave the city centre with less traffic therefore leading to a reduction in traffic flow. High population is associated with high expenses imposed services like water, electricity, medical services, schools, etc. and at the end the systems of the city get highly affected due to high population The road conditions; poor road conditions leads to short term traffic volume because the capacity of the road is low and not able to accommodate traffic for a long time hence short term traffic volume. Occupancy of the road; a low percentage of time the traffic and people occupy the road result in short-term traffic volume. It is because of the inability of the road to accommodate large number of the vehicles. The time spent by vehicle to travel from a certain point of the road; shorter time spent by the vehicle within a road section implies a short-term traffic volume because there is no time wastage on the road section. the design life of the road; the road designed for longer design life have long-term traffic volume within the design period. It is because the number of vehicles that can flow at that time is for a long time hence long-term traffic flow. The conditions of the road; good conditions of the road leads to long term traffic flow because the road can be in the position to accommodate traffic volume for a long time hence long term traffic volume. The class of the road; class A (national roads) have long-term traffic flow because they are the main roads linking a country to another and they are the main business roads that promote trade among countries. High density of vehicle at the point of the road; heavy vehicle have high densities compared to small vehicles because they take larger area and have low travel speed that facilitate longer time of flow hence long term traffic

Letter of Credit - Lifeblood of International Commerce Essay

Letter of Credit - Lifeblood of International Commerce - Essay Example The title was again reconfirmed in Intraco v Notis. To better understand what letters of credit are, how they are used and why it was called â€Å"the lifeblood of international commerce†, this paper will detail all pertinent information and know-how on the subject, from its origin to its present status in the international trade. 1. Brief Overview of Letter of Credit The letter of credit is about 180 years of age in the financing of trade exports. It has been one if not the most commonly used facilities for international trade payments. Today, its version is better known as the electronic letter of credit which with the use of the internet and computers, have become quite easy to use. The letter of credit comes in variety of forms, most common of which is the documentary credit, also referred to as just L/C, or credit or commercial in the UCP 600 or the ICC Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits 600 (UCP 600). The information contained in this paper is the standard type of documentary credit that is the common payment mechanism for international trade. There are other forms of letter of credit that may be mentioned but will not be dwelt upon are the standby letter of credit and the acceptable credit. Standby credit is not exactly related to the fundamental contract of shipment or sale of goods, unlike the documentary credit; therefore, it is not exactly applicable in payment condition and the investigation of shipping files and documents is not required. The standby credit’s primary role is the prevention of one party or both to attempt breaching a contract because o market changes or other reasons. The use of standby credit as collateral security and fidelity bonds in financing operations, and as performance bonds in the field of construction is increasing. In the transportation of oil, for example, particularly in short journeys such as transportation between countries in Europe, goods might be shipped to the discharge port within a day while the bills of lading are not yet delivered to the port of loading. Instead of documentary credits, the use of cash as the instrument for payment is more convenient and practical for the parties of sale contract in situations such as this. Then again, to increase the seller’s sense of security and confidence in doing business, a standby letter of credit can still be issued by the buyer as backup. From which it can be observed that a standby letter of credit is not exactly applicable in payment conditions. Even though the standby letter of credit has a significant role as a guarantee, it is not equivalent to a bank letter of guarantee by all means. Evidence of non-performance of the underlying transaction is required by the standby credit, instead of the sole requirement of the beneficiary’s documentary compliance. In addition, in standby credit, the proof of fraud is more difficult than in documentary credit. Simply put, proving that the breach of contract of the beneficiary is a fraud is very difficult. Just as Judge Kerr said, the case of Harbottle (Mercantile) Ltd. v. National Westminster Bank4 is not a case of established fraud at all. The seller may indeed be correct in arguing that a buyer h as no contractual right to payment of any part of the guarantee, let alone the entire guarantee. However, all these rest on contractual disputes. They fall in a subject distant from fraud, particularly established fraud. 2. Defining the Letter of Credit Basically, the most common form of credit it documentary form is the Letter of Cre

A FORMAL ANALYSIS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A FORMAL ANALYSIS - Assignment Example paper will offer a formal analysis of this painting, exploring its formal properties, subject matter, historical context and describing any symbolism exhibited in the work. In 1907, Henri Matisse did a painting on canvas using oil that he named â€Å"Blue Nude.† Notably, he relied on his use of bright colors in this painting and a high level of primitivism. Henri Matisse had earned recognition as one of the 20th century artists who produced colorful artworks. This preference is exhibited in this painting. His primitivism has been described through his use of strokes in the painting. Moreover, the strokes were sketchy like as he did his painting (Bohm-Duchen 55). The sketch like strokes is more evident in the shading of the underside of the woman’s breasts as well as the inner side of both her face and thighs. In these areas, Matisse relied on sketchy strokes to place emphasis on the undersides. Moreover, Matisse relied on color and such sketchy lines in his evident efforts to exhibit shadows and other physical details on the woman’s body. Notably, this painting has been considered as an abstract and not real because the artistic el ements used to highlight shadows and other physical details of the woman prove to be unrealistic. Moreover, Matisse missed out in giving clear details of the feet and the toes as well as the fingers. Notably, the painting appears to be hard and rough because of the style used. The faint details that define the painting as well as the roughness implied serve to emphasize the abstract nature of the painting. Moreover, Matisse does not present specific details of the background, although the audience can identify some plants and flowers. Moreover, Matisse’s primitivism of style is also exhibited by the evident exaggerations as he tried to outline the woman’s body (DSouza 70). For example, he makes her look like she has muscle, a body that is uncommon among women. The pores of the woman are also revealed by his sketchy lines and

Introduction To The Global Tourism Hospitality Tourism Essay

Introduction To The Global Tourism Hospitality Tourism Essay travel and tourism, lodging, assemble and event management, restaurant and managed serviceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Walker 2009. On the whole, these components have interrelated nature because they support each other, together aim at a common target: best customer service. The outstanding characteristics of hospitality and tourism industry are: long working hours and people have to work in shifts. The most important feature of this sector is that it focuses heavily on customers satisfaction but it is also intangible and perishable à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Walker, 2009). As a result, in order to be successful in this highly competitive industry, managers should consider several factors to ensure the success for their hotels, such as: customers focus, understanding of the role of the guest contact employees; weave a service culture into education and training system (Walker, 2009). On the other hand, the severity of the market and the economy crisis also encouraged hotel creating the alliance and association to be more successful. For example, Global Hotel Alliance (GHA) is a collection of 15 upscale and luxury regional hotel brands from across the world. Choose from 300 hotels, palaces and resorts in 52 countries around the world, each one reflecting the distinctive culture and traditions of their locations (Walker, 2009). They can gain more profits and saving by sharing the promotions and making chain services between members. I think in the normal condition, when the social, economic and political environment is stable, hotels tend to compete with each other to expand their markets as well as to generate more revenue. However, when the external environment encounters any changes, such as the recent economic crisis, hotels might want to cooperate to help each other overcome troubles. . In the future, hoteliers have to deal with several unprecedented issues such as short booking window or develop mobile booking, which never happened in the past (Hotels, 2011). There are more and more new technologies applied in hospitality and tourism to increase productivity and optimize the strategy. The hi-tech equipment will also attract the Y generation who rely much on those devices daily. Exercise 1 The image Umbrella might symbolize for the square of flat and the speed of opening umbrella. As shown above, Hospitality Industry is a wide segment, which contains many relevant sub majors. It is even said that under the umbrella of travel and tourism, countless professions are necessary to meet the needs and wants of people away from home (Walker 2009). All of these majors one by one continually provide customers with necessary services when they are away from home. For instance, people might need a car to travel (Travel and Tourism majors task), then they might want to book a room at 4 star hotel to sleep (Lodging service). After that customers want to visit a park (Recreation service) and finally they book a table at their hotel to have dinner (Restaurant service). I think in the future, with the development of technology, people will know more about their options and they might have new desire. Thus there will be more professions under the umbrella of hospitality and tourism and they may attach more closely through electronic devices to each other. Exercise 2 VIETNAM Figure 1.The number of tourists from 2008 2010 in Vietnam (Source: General statistics Office of Vietnam) In the graph, the data of outbound customers in Vietnam was not shown for several reasons. The number of tourist growth significant from 2008 to 2010. There is a slight decrease in inbound data in 2009 around 1.5 millions visitors while the figure of domestic rapidly raised more than 3 millions visitors per year. In fact, only the data on international visitors to Vietnam are published monthly, and data on domestic and total revenue from tourism is often only reported in the six months of the annual meeting of the industry. Deputy General Director of the General Statistics Office said Tran Thi Hang, program surveys, national statistics, the new unit every 2-3 years she expenditure survey of international visitors to Vietnam, domestic tourists foreign and domestic travel once.(Chile, 2012). Lacking information might prevent the authorities from making policy plan as well as prediction about the long term and short-term development of tourism and the development of market. As a result, the government might not control the domestic tourism and outbound like taxing, foreign exchange, support the customers right, responsibilities of travel agents, hotels à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. AUSTRALIA Figure 1. The number of tourists from 2008 2010 in Australia (Sources: Tourism Research Australia, 2012; Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011; Overseas Arrivals and Departures, 2012) As can be seen, the tourism market of Australia was stable with slight decreases. The total number of tourists in 2008 was 81,495,000 visitors while there were 79,793,000 visitors in 2010. Meanwhile, the number of Vietnam tourism market rose dramatically over a period of 3 years. In 2008 and 2009, the tourism sector of Australia was influenced slightly by the economy crisis. However, the data of inbound and domestic customers in Vietnam kept increasing steadily. From my perspective, during the difficult time of economy, people want to redirect their destinations to developing countries to save money. Table .1 Compare the Employment in tourism by sectors Vietnam (2010) Australia (2010) Direct labour 434, 240 513,900 Accommodation and food services 207,600 232,400 Travel agency and transport 65,800 92,500 Indirect labour 955,350 393,400 Other services 160,840 189,000 Total 1,389,600 907,300 (Source: General Statistics Office of Vietnam, 2011 and Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011; Tourism Research Australia, 2012) As can be seen, the total number of people working in Hospitality segment in Vietnam is much higher than the number of Australia (around 1,4 million and 900 thousand respectively). However, the number of direct labour of Vietnam is lower than Australias (434 thousand and 513 thousand). On the other hand, Vietnam has more people contribute indirectly to hospitality industry than Australia has (about 955 thousand and 393 thousand). In my opinion, Vietnamese labour force is much abundant than that of Australia and this matter might lead to both strong points and drawbacks. First of all, as for the advantages, hospitality industry might have cheap labour cost, which save them a lot of expense. However, the labour force in Vietnam is not equal in quality and easy to be replaced. TOPIC 2 CURRENT ISSUES FOR THE TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY A brief history Four Season Hotel From a small hotel opened in Toronto, Canada, Four Season Corporation becomes a great international hotel group, which provides the most luxurious and satisfactory services to customers. In this exercise, I would like to outline the development and expansion of Four Season globally. Canada In 1961 the first Four Seasons hotel opened at Toronto, Canada by Issy Sharp England In 1970, Inn on the Park London (later renamed Four Seasons Hotel London) opened. USA In 1976, the Four Seasons officially enter the American market Maui In 1990, Four Seasons launched its first tropical resort, in Maui. Asia In 1992 Four Seasons started their expansion to Asia with the first hotel opened in Tokyo. In 2002 Four Seasons entered Chinese market with the hotel in Shanghai. In May 2008, Four Seasons marked its entry into the Indian market Middle East In 2000, launched the first hotel in the Middle East (Four Seasons Cairo).There followed a prominent extension in the region. Four Season Hotel today As shown above, Four Seasons step by step expand its operation and influences to the international hospitality industry. Nowadays, Four Seasons exist in almost continental and one of the most potential markets is Asia since Asian market is developing and it is going to be the biggest market by 2020 (Amadeus report November 2012) . Evaluation Currently, with 88 hotels and resorts in 35 countries, Four Seasons has strong reputation, which provides high level services delivered by well -trained staff. I think that one of the reasons make Four Seasons become distinctive among competitors is the responsibility to bring new experience to customers. For example, Four Seasons is going to introduce the first Around-The-World by Private Jet tour trip, a brand new, unique service to customers (Four Seasons Corporate Newsletter A September 28, 2012). Four Seasons Hotel group has huge impacts to the global business world in terms of innovative service and technological progress. For example, Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts has been ranked number one in Digital IQ Index: Hotels report for the appliance of digital platform (Four Seasons Corporate Newsletter B September 28, 2012). The main global challenges Speaking of the global strategies, I believe that proving the memorable experiences for guests and quality relationships with employees and business partners (According to Michael D. Johnson, the Cornell Hospitality Hotel Schools dean) and following its living values are two of the major strategies that Four Seasons apply. The living values include: supporting sustainability, building communities and advancing cancer research. TOPIC 3 OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT STRUCTURES AND THE ACCOMMODATION SECTOR Discussion questions The different hotel ownership options Hotel ownership options Advantages Disadvantages Owned by a single entity or group that has hired a hotel management company to operate the property A qualified and experienced manager operates the properties. Hotel owners and management companies might conflict. Lower benefit for owners. A hotel chain Existing good reputation, operation manners, staff training. Hotel chain has the same standard quality of services and products. Require huge initial resources The different hotel in chain might compete with each other. A major change in hotel chains need a lot of money and time. A franchise The products and services have already been developed and have reputation. The franchisee used the logo, slogan, marketing and financial assistance of the franchisor to start the business, old market, a network of loyal and low-priced supplies. The cost opening a franchise need a lot of money for brand, signage,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ If your franchise decides to go through a major change. A franchisee may be required to upgrade facilities and signage, all at your expense. Reputation: Name recognition is one of the biggest advantages in purchasing a franchise. If the brands reputation suffers for any reason, however, the franchisees also suffer from poor consumer perception. Limited growth potential: a franchisee cannot franchise an operation and must look instead to purchasing additional franchises. City Hotels in Sydney: Shangri-La Hotel, Four Seasons Hotel, Sheraton, InterContinentalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Resort Hotels in Sydney: Old Sydney Park royal, Parramatta Apartments, Park Lodge Hotel, Renaissance Sydney Hotel, Waldorf Apartment Hotel, Waldorf East Sydney, Woolloomooloo Waters Hotelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Pricing differences for accommodation packages The price for Residential Hotels accommodation package includes: + Room service, maid service, laundry facilities. + Cooking facilities, especially for children. The price for All Suite Hotels accommodation package includes: + Room service, maid service, laundry facilities. + Separate bedroom and living areas and full kitchen + Housekeeping service + Food and beverage services are available through room service. The price for Resort Hotels accommodation package includes: + Accommodation with full experiments. + Full facilities such as massage and salon treatment, swimming pool, scuba diving, climbing mountainsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ + Food and beverage service or restaurants with many of choices. City Center Hotels: + Room service, maid service, breakfast. + Food and beverage service in restaurants Airport Hotels: + Room service, maid service, breakfast. Motels: + Accommodation with full furniture. Transient Hotels: + Room service, maid service, breakfast. Bed and Breakfast. + Room service, breakfast. The typical guest mix of two types hotel The city centre hotels have certain advantages like: + Convenient locations + A variety of accommodation rooms + Food and beverage outlets depending on demand and customers + Facilities like gift shops, swimming pools, spa and sauna à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ + Convention facilities such as conference rooms, convention equipment The customers of city centre hotels: + Corporate individuals + The senior corporate groups + Leisure customers + Convention and/or association groups + Tour groups + Government and military travellers + Regional getaway or weekend travellers. The city centre hotels have some advantages like: + Rooms with full amenities + Providing room service, maid service, laundry facilities + Full equipped with cooking facilities and recreational facilities for children Residential hotels guest mix might include: + Long-term stay guests: military or government employees + Leisure travellers or back packers Compare cruise ships and resort hotels There are many similarities of cruise ships and resort hotels that make people think cruise is floating resort. Both cruise ships and resort hotels aim at customers who want enjoy a long period holiday. Their infrastructures of cruise ships and resort hotels are the combination of different buildings and facilities inside their areas, such as rooms, restaurants, swimming pool, spa and sauna area, entertains areaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Both cruise ships and resort hotels activities rely on climate and season However, there are many differences between these two kinds of hotels and compare with their expectation to choose the most suitable one for them. Firstly, the experience between cruise ships and resort hotels is so different. The cruise liner is a passenger ship used for pleasure voyages. An advantage to choosing a cruise line is the unique experience of sailing from island to island(Banks, n.d ). The view from a private balcony on a cruise ship is enough to make anyone feel like a world traveller. Cruise ship spends most of its time on the ocean, customers can entertain many activities which is provided free facilities. It is available both day and night and is generally more engaging than the entertainment that is offered at an all-inclusive resort (Banks, n.d ). The customers can sleep the night away while they are traveling to the next destination, leaving they refreshed to embark on a new adventure(Banks, n.d ). One disadvantage to choosing an all-inclusive resort is that customer will only see one destination(Banks, n.d ). The entertainment at an all-inclusive resort is also usually less diverse than a cruise ship(Banks, n.d ). However, experience of resort might be the favourable climate and wide range of recreational activities(Banks, n.d ). Resort hotels are often located at comfortable climate regions such as beaches, hills or mountains(Banks, n.d ). Consequently, cruise ships and resort aim at different groups of customers, who have different demand in terms of, experience, services Case study: The case study presents the strategy of Royal Hotel about a renovation program. This hotel had a loyal clientele and ranked as a top of the line property. Hotel do not want to take the risk of losing customers to competitors then managers decided to remain open and keep in operation any rooms or portions of the hotel which did not have to be shut down for construction. Those problems is the cause that the customers complaint about ongoing construction in public areas and hallways, along with the attendant dust, confusion, and noise. In this situation, some necessary solutions should be given including: Isolating construction areas from the rest of the building by signs, advertising background in order to separate the working areas of builders from areas for customers. Minimizing the impact of noise, dust, and construction materials. Increasing organizational activities, events to disperse the attention of customers from the repairing areas. Increasing promotion and other benefits for customers who were affected by the refurbishment. The conditions needed for the solution include the promotional programs and the budget for negotiation with customers in particular situations. Besides, the renovation program should be speeded up to reduce noise and affects to customers. TOPIC 4 ROOMS DIVISION AN OVERVIEW FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE Reading This article proposes a resort classification system which provide definition stating minimum qualifications for a resort and proposes a classification system based on range and scope of amenities (Brey 2011). However, there are many categorizing resorts made by national governments About the definition, Focusing on resorts as real estate developments, a definition by Schmitz et al. (2008) requires three primary characteristics: inclusion in master-planned real estate developments, proximity or easy access to significant amenities, and lodging(Brey 2011). In an effort to standardize a diverse group of resorts, the Organization of American States (OAS) placed minimum structural and supplementary requirements to unite individual rating systems throughout the Caribbean (Caribbean Innkeeper 2007). While these clarification activities have successfully served a specific purpose, they lack industry-wide application As for classification, the first category, destination resort, serve as the primary motivation to visit a destination and have characteristically high levels of service(Brey 2011). Next, intermediate resort, typically located in a rural location, provides a range of activities and amenities that is not as comprehensive as what is found at destination resorts. Lastly, specialized resort, can be found in any location and provide a focused experience around one signature amenity or anchor attribute. We can see the important role of classification its helps the managers can control, evaluate and and make strategy plan for their resort. The online travel agents bring to the hotel many benefits and drawbacks, they are also important distribution channel to make hotels inventory available to global audience. Hospitality providers want to use technology to distribute their inventory directly, it is impossible to deny the role of online travel agent currently. Many hotel bookings are implemented through online travel agents and online tools. As for advantages, the relationship between hotels and the online travel agents called LOVE. Online intermediaries have evolved to cover different models, reach different market. Hotels and online travel agent need each other, hotel need agent to drive demand and agent need hotels to offer services. Both sides need each other, both hotels and the online travel agents develop and rely on each other to develop. However, hotels loss the power to contribute by themselves, they must share more commissions to pay for agent then fewer profitability. That is the reason why hotels HATE the online travel agents. The love hate relationship seems to be most intense between large hotel group and large online travel agents. Since the large hotel create a monopoly amongst online agents. In general, online travel agents and intermediaries are now essential part of the industry and as for the hotel, an absolute necessity. Revenue management and sales staff have close relation with each other because they together make decisions regarding rate, accept group business and forecast. However, they can foster better coordination to minimize the misunderstanding and understand thoroughly the others main tasks. We understand in some ways that revenue management team include sales and revenue management personnel. One way to improve group revenue management functions is to expand the collabouration of sales and revenue management personnel, particularly in pricing (Cross, Higbie, and Cross 2009) and forecasting (Milla and Shoemaker 2008). Revenue management team are responsible for: Whether to accept a group offer and forecast room block utilization to ensure that rooms will be filled or released for sale to transient guests. Although having the frequency of formal meetings, the two respondent groups are still having certain informal meetings. With regard to formal meetings, the highest mentioned frequencies were daily or one or two times per week. The informal meeting to help communication between the revenue management and sales functions better. Case Study: The case study describes the new position for Morgan Black in the Coug Inn. The Cougar- Inn is in a remote location near local university, with 150-room full-service property with several medium-sized conference rooms. After observing, Morgan Black found out some problems of the front desk: the check-in process which still in the traditional process and the poor communication between housekeeping and the font desk. Morgan wants to use the automated property management system, however the front desk manager do not think it is worth money In my opinion, Morgan should consider a number of issues like employee habit, the ability to budget for the system and the adaptation of employees to work with systems. The proposed check-in time of the font desk Morgan need to determine whether the front desk clerks really need more time to arrange check-in. Which the crunch time which because of the reservation process or complex reservation form or poor communication between the parts such as front desk, reservation and housekeeping by the language or the process? Morgan should present the solutions for the communication issue between housekeeping and the font desk. There is the needed aware of communication between each department. The international language must be English for business and the hotel should have training English and automated property management system. The manager of housekeeping should have rules to encourage staff using English in work. On the other hand, using automated property management system will help to minimize the mistake in communication; the transmitted information will be more accurate. In the easier way, Morgan should hire new employee who can use international business English in workplace. The final decision requires the participation of the corporate office, the font desk, reservation and housekeeping. The corporate office will control the budgets, who will decide where the money comes and which is worth for investment. The font desk are the staff for a long time and the corporate office needs to give their ideas and advice before any methods are implemented. The housekeeping must concern for understanding their role in new property management system. Topic 5 Food and Beverage The two basic types of beer and three Australian common brands Beer is generally categorized into types according to the type of yeast used during fermentation. Ales are beers that use top-fermenting yeast, while lagers are those that use bottom-fermenting yeast. The choice of yeast provides the beer different characteristics, which can alter the look and taste of the brew (Richard, 2007 ) The two types of beer are also different in other ways. For instance, ales are fermented in a warmer temperature, which is why it takes a shorter amount of time to ferment. On the other hand, lagers are fermented in moderate temperatures. The warm fermentation temperature also gives ales a nutty or fruity taste. Ale Lager Thousands of years old Relatively new Fermented warm Fermented cold Top fermentation Bottom fermentation Yeast Saccharomyces cervisiae Yeast Saccharomyces Uvarum Quick brew cycle as little as 7 days Longer brew cycle up to several months Usually brewed between 59 77 degrees F Usually brewed between 40 and 55 degrees F Strong, assertive, and more robust in taste Smoother, crisper, and more subtle in taste and aroma Served not too cool, usually 50-55 degrees F, 10-14 degrees C,  sometimes called  cellar temperature. Served cold, usually 40-45 degrees F, 4-7 degrees C. Table 5.1 The differences between Ale and Lager (Source: Richard, 2007 What is the difference between an ale and a lager?) The two major beer producers Carlton United Breweries (CUB) is one of the most iconic beer companies in Australia with our history going back to 1824(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) In 2011, we demerged from our wine arm and became part of the SABMiller group, the second largest brewer in the world. This has allowed us to return to our heritage and core strength as a brewer(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) CUB alcohol beverage sales team services over 17,000 customers across the on-premise and off-premise channels and our national brewing, logistics and sales network delivers to over 20,000 customers including hotels, clubs, liquor stores, restaurants and bars(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) Victoria Bitter (VB) has long been Australias favourite beer, and is specially brewed to deliver full flavour when ice cold, making it the ideal beer for the Australian climate(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) VB is a full flavoured, full strength beer at 4.9%; the gentle fruitiness of the aroma compliments the sweet maltiness in the mouth which in turn balances perfectly with the clean hop bitterness of the finish(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,); Crown Lager is Australias premium lager beer(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) It has a creamy fruitiness with a rich, malty mid-palate, bal ­anced with the crisp, clean finish of Pride of Ringwood hops(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) Brewed from the finest malt and hops, using CUBs original and unique strain of brewing yeast, extended storage softens, and rounds out, the flavours produced during fermentation, ALC/VOL: 4.9%(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) Carlton Draught is a traditional, full-strength lager that is crisp on the mid-palate with a good malt character and smooth full-bodied flavour(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) Clean hop bitterness gives the brew a slightly dry finish. Synonymous with the origins of the brewery itself, Carlton Draught is renowned for tasting as fresh as it did the day it was brewed. And its that kind of consistency in taste thats been important to Australians for generations. ALC/VOL: 4.6%(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) Miller Genuine Draft is the original easy drinking beer cold filtered four times for a crisp, smooth and refreshing taste. MGD contains no additives or preservatives. ALC/VOL: 4.7%(Carlton  Ã‚  United Breweries ,n.d,) Lion is a beverage company that operates in Australia and New Zealand and produces and markets a range of beer, wine, RTDs and spirits(Lion, n.d) Tooheys New is the classic, easy-drinking Australian lager brewed with no artificial additives and no preservatives(Lion, n.d). Its lightly hopped, malty character delivers the perfect balance of bitter and sweet beer flavours XXXX GOLD is a refreshing mid-strength beer that continues the great tradition of FOUREX brewing heritage, by being brewed with the finest Australian malt, barley and unique golden cluster hops. XXXX GOLD has a balanced, smooth flavour and body, complimented by mild bitterness and a trace of sweetness from the extra malt.(Lion, n.d) Hahn premium beer is only as good as its ingredients. Thats why our pioneering team scoured the globe to assemble three special hops, one of which is grown in Germany on the Hersbruck Hills, north of Munich. Its that unwillingness to settle for anything but the best that makes Hahn Premium.(Lion, n.d) James Squire is produced by the Malt Shovel Brewery in Sydney. The beer is named after the convict brewer James Squire, who is claimed to have created Australias first commercial brewery.The brewery has won various awards including: Champion Australasian Brewery, 2000 and 2003 (Australian International Beer Awards),[14] and Best Bohemian-Style Pilsener, 2008 (World Beer Cup)(Lion, n.d) The boutique breweries Boutique breweries :A small brewery, generally producing fewer than 10,000 barrels of beer and ale a year and frequently selling its products on the premises. Also called microbrewery. Three Australian boutique beers include: Carlton and United Breweries owned by Fosters Group Main Beers: VB, Crown Lager, Carlton Draught, Pure Blonde and Reschs Pilsener Tooheys owned by Lion Nathan Main Beers: Tooheys New, Tooheys Old and Tooheys Extra Dry Castlemaine Perkins owned by Lion Nathan Main Beers: XXXX Bitter, XXXX Gold, XXXX Light, XXXX Summer Bright Lager The most popular overseas beers Heineken is a pale lager beer with 5% alcohol by volume produced by the Dutch brewing company Heineken International. Aroma: A slight bit of sweet graininess and no hop aroma. As the beer warms up there is more of a malt character present. Again, unlike the almost undrinkable bottle version, the can has the aroma of a nice to style lager. Appearance: Just like it should be, a light gold colour and crystal clear. Head retention is white and does not persist. Flavour: Nice and dry, but crisp. There is a definite yeast character that seems to work well with the slight hop bitterness. No hop flavour to speak of. No dactyl, and there is a definite carbonic bite from the carbonation. Overall: A very drinkable beer that benefits from being packaged in a light and oxygen free can. Modelo Especial: It is an American lager produced by the produced by Grupo Modelo in 1925 Aroma: Light struck, of course. Other than the skunk, some bready, thin malt profile. Sweet mildly bitter grains, corn. Appearance: Pale yellow. High clarify. Lots of rising bubbles. No lacing. Flavour: Better than the aroma. Mild malt sweetness, corn and maybe rice. Some bitter bite at the end Overall Impression: Very easy to drink, bland and insubstantial San Miguel Pale Pilsen: produced by San Miguel Corporation from Philippines Aroma: aroma of malt sweetness, bit of citrus with

Charles Darwin Essay -- Biography Biographies

Charles Robert Darwin was a man of many hats. He was a friend, colleague, son, father, husband; but above all, he was a naturalist. Through his dedication and perseverance did he manage to, in less than a generation, establish the theory of evolution as a fact in peoples' minds. In fact, "[t]oday it is almost impossible for us to return, even momentarily, to the pre-Darwinian atmosphere and attitude" (West 323). Darwin formed the basis of his theory during the voyage of the H.M.S. Beagle, on which vessel he was posted as it travelled around the globe. During that five-year span, this young man saw foliage, creatures, cultures that he had never known first-hand before. He was exposed to environments that not many of his contemporaries saw and lived the life that few did. Was his epic journey merely a series of trips to strange and exotic lands, or was Darwin affected by his experiences in more profound ways? Charles Darwin was born on February 12, 1809; the same day that another great man, Abraham Lincoln, was born. He was no child prodigy; he "was considered by all [his] masters and by [his] Father as a very ordinary boy, rather below the common standard in intellect" (Barlow Voyage 28). The one trait in him that stands out in his formative years is a taste for the outdoors; he loved to gather shells, seals, franks, coins, and minerals. The passion for collecting, which leads a man to be a systemic naturalist, a virtuoso, or a miser, was very strong in [him] and was clearly innate, as none of [his] sisters and brother ever had this taste. (Barlow Autobiography 23) He grew up in Shrewsbury, and attended the local grammar-school there. After graduating, he entered Edinburgh University with the intent of studying medicine, but he found anatomy boring a nd his lack of sketching skills hampered him. It was decided between Darwin and his father that he should pursue ecclesiasticalstudies at Cambridge. Those subjects did not enthuse him either, but he discovered a "spontaneous and exceptional interest in natural history" (Moorehead 25). Academically, "he scraped through...with a pass" (Moorehead, 25) but socially, he enjoyed himself greatly, as he had fallen in with a crowd of sportsmen and naturalists. As well, he developed strong ties with his botany and geology teachers, Professors Adam Sedgwick and John Henslow. Henslow was indeed a true friend; he did ... ... bloom; his zeal sharpened his eyes and ears, and opend up his mind to "new ideas, new books, new friends, new observations, new hypotheses, new laws" (Dorsey 79). His spirit of adventure led him to far-off lands where obscure fauna and flora were living and breathing, and not just names in some book. "The discipline of the trip taught him an eternal lesson in good-humoured patience, freedom from selfishness, the habit of acting for himself and making the best of every occurrence" (Dorsey 71). While he eventually found himself to be at odds with the religion that he once wholeheartedly embraced, never did he attempt to derogate people's beliefs; it was with rare and noble calmness with which he expound[ed] his own views, undisturbed by the heats of polemical agitation which those views...excited, and persistently refus[ed] to retort on his antagonists by ridicule, by indignation, or by contempt. (Dorsey 270) So it was through hard work, flexibility and openmindedness that this gr eat man, whom his colleague and friend Wallace termed "the Newton of Natural History" (West 325), came to develop his trademark values of integrity and dedication as he sailed the shores of distant lands.

How to Make a Turkey Sandwich

Anyone can make a turkey sandwich and, truth be told, anyone could make The Best Turkey Sandwich Ever. Really, the only thing standing in anyone's way is that they probably don't yet know how. This is where this guide comes in. I will try to provide thorough instructions for making The Best Turkey Sandwich Ever.I discovered The Best Turkey Sandwich Ever by accident one night while living in New York City. For you see, I was unemployed at the time and didn't have too much money to throw around on food. As fate would have it, on that night, much like on a myriad of countless other nights that had preceded it (and subsequently on many nights thereafter), I happened to be very hungry. In a sad, strung-out, state of desperation, I languidly scavenged my apartment for something to hold me over until breakfast. I found some deli meat, cheese and half a loaf of unwanted challah bread that my sister gave to me last time I bothered to go uptown to visit her. Confronted with such limited suppli es, the solution seemed rather obvious; cobble these culinary elements together and make a sandwich. Although, looking back upon it, I can only attribute this particular chance arrangement of sandwich materials to the benevolent hand of some archaic pantheon of gods; perhaps viking. I like vikings.Anyhow, I crafted the sandwich to my preference and took a bite. By some happy accident of the cosmos, I, in my pathetic desperation not to scrounge together some pocket change and walk a block and a half for a slice of sicilian pizza, had chanced upon The Best Turkey Sandwich Ever.I've kept this to myself for too long. For the greater good of humanity, I am going to share my process with you today. If you follow these directions carefully, you too can live the rich prosperous life that can only come with The Best Turkey Sandwich Ever.

Pronouncing the Spanish G and J

Pronouncing the Spanish G and J The g in Spanish can one of the more difficult letters to pronounce, at least for those who hope to be precise. The same is true for the j, whose sound it sometimes uses. Beginning Spanish students can think of g has having two sounds, although those who want to be exact will find that the g has three common sounds and a pair of rare situations where it is pronounced very softly if at all. The Quick and Easy Approach to Pronouncing the G The way many English speakers learning Spanish start out is by thinking of Spanish as having two sounds, depending on the letter that follows: Most of the time, the g can be pronounced much like the g in dog or figure. Note that in both of those English words, the g is pronounced somewhat softer or less explosively than the g in words such as goat and good.However, when the g is followed by e or i, it is pronounced something like the letter h, the same as the Spanish j. (In this way, the sound of the g parallels that of the c, which has a hard sound except when it comes before an e or i, in which case it has a softer sound. Both c and g in English often follow a similar pattern.) Note the differences in these phonetic transcriptions. The first three have the hard g sound, while the final two have the h sound: apagar - ah-pag-GARego - EH-gohignicià ³n - eeg-nee-SYOHNagente - ah-HEN-tehgirasol - hee-rah-SOHLgusto - GOO-stohgente  - HEN-teh You should have no difficulty being understood if you follow these pronunciations. However, if you hope to sound more like a native speaker, you should follow the next section. A More Precise Approach to Pronouncing the G Think of the g as have three main sounds: When the g comes immediately before an e or i, it is pronounced like the Spanish j, detailed below.Otherwise, when the g comes after a pause, such as at the beginning of a sentence, or if it doesnt have vowel sounds immediately before and after, the g can be pronounced much like the g in dog or figure.When the g comes between vowels (unless followed by e or i), it is pronounced much softer, and there is no good English equivalent. You might think of it as a mushy version of the above pronunciation, or like something between silence and the above pronunciation. You can hear it pronounced native speakers here. A Pair of Exceptions These three pronunciation take care of nearly all situations. However, there are two significant exceptions: Some speakers intensely soften or even drop the sound of the g in the letter combination gua, especially when it appears at the beginning of the word such as in guapo, guacamole, and guardar. So guapo sounds something like WAH-poh, and guacamole sounds like wah-kah-MOH-leh. This tendency, which can be heard here, is found in many areas and varies even within localities. At the extreme, you may even hear agua pronounced like AH-wah.A few English gerunds (-ing verbs) such as marketing and camping have been adopted into Spanish (often with a slight change in meaning). Most native Spanish speakers cant readily imitate the ng sound well at the end of a word, so the tendency is to end the word with the n sound. Thus marketing may sound like mrketin, and camping  may sound like campin. In a few cases, such as meeting becoming mà ­tin or mitin, the spelling has been changed to conform with the common pronunciation. Pronouncing the J The j sound is what is known as a voiceless velar fricative, which means that it is formed by forcing air through the slightly constricted back part of the mouth. Its kind of a scraping or raspy sound. If youve learned German, you may know it as the ch sound of Kirche. You may hear it sometimes in English in the word loch when given a Scottish accent or as the initial sound of Hanukkah when an attempt is made to pronounce it as if it were in Hebrew. One way you might think of the sound is as an extended k. Instead of sounding out the k in an explosive fashion, try lengthening the sound. The sound of the j varies with region. In some areas, the j sounds almost like a soft k, and in some places it sounds very close to the h sound in words such as hot or hero. If you give the j the sound of the English h, as many English-speaking Spanish students do, you will be understood, but keep in mind that is only approximate.

Why Introverts are Vital to the Health Care Team

Why Introverts are Vital to the Health Care Team If you’ve spent any time in the industry, you know that the typical state of any health care facility is controlled chaos: patients stream in and out in need of attention, while doctors, nurses, assistants, and techs all work together to keep the machine running. If you thrive on solitude, can you make it in this profession? There has been a lot of talk lately about the role of introverts in society (people who feel more comfortable focusing inward on thoughts and feelings rather than outward on interactions with others). Popular opinion used to be that you were doomed if you weren’t commanding and outwardly confident.  But people are starting to realize that introspection is a very valuable professional skill–especially in medicine, when dealing with the important topic of patients’ health.Starting in undergraduate school, and then through professional studies, introverts learn to rely on themselves to weather the most challenging storms. Building up a quiet confidence comes in extremely handy when life-or-death challenges are thrown your way in the working world.You also have a skill set the more social of your peers struggle with: the ability to tap into the more emotional and sensitive side of patients.  In fact, if you identify as an introvert you likely will not only survive–you will thrive in patient relations, one of the toughest parts of the job.Embrace your ability to be quiet and thoughtful. Then, learn to work with extroverted colleagues to create a medical team that can handle all sides of patients’ needs.  Your introversion is not a liability, it’s a bonus!Can Introverts Survive in Medicine?

Remote-Robotic Surgery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Remote-Robotic Surgery - Essay Example Later few other robots were invented and used in the processes of surgeries. The first surgical robot that was approved by FDA was ROBODOC. The process of research and development still continues in the present times (Valero et al, 2011, pp.2-3). In the context of the technology, studies reveal that the use of surgical remote robots enables the need for lesser number of surgeons and medical professionals in the conduct of any surgery. Thus surgeries may be able to be performed from remote locations as well. Doctors will only need to learn to handle the arms of the robots through the computerized systems. This might also lower the costs of the surgeries. Moreover the technique provides with improved capability of precision and the patients are also less traumatized with this process (Bonsor & Strickland, 2012). Thus it can be said that remote-robotic surgeries have certain advantages over the conventional surgery methods. Patients may get attached to robots, the withdrawal of which might affect the patients. The feelings or emotions of the patients would not be able to be judged by the robots. The robots would not be able to handle a patient if he is angry and does not cooperate with the treatment or medication. When called by several users, the robots may not be able to decide on prioritizing the necessity of the calls (Lin, Abney & Bekey, 2012, pp.22-23). Thus it can be understood that a robot cannot be depended completely for the process of surgery or treatment. Being so, the use of robots in medical practice cannot be considered as morally and ethically correct. Considering the levels of patient satisfaction, the political influences reflect on the process of remote-robotic surgery getting more improved and accepted in the medical practices, with the advantages being focused (Gun Control, 2012). The legal issues include the cost of the robotic technology

Collage of Echoes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Collage of Echoes - Essay Example A literal interpretation of the poem could simply detail a human experience, whereas an analytical level of interpretation could provide a better justification of the poet’s ideas. In Collage of Echoes, the gender and identity of the persona are not specified, thus for ease of interpretation, one may assume to use the author’s gender. The persona in the poem is doing a self-talk or reflection. In the opening lines, she tells herself, â€Å"I have no promises to keep/Nor miles to go before I sleep† (1-2). These lines reveal that the persona has no obligations to accomplish, and no places to visit. Pleased with this thought, she expresses her intention to sleep or relax. Based on this, readers may think of the persona as a busy person, possibly an adult engaged in business, who, at the end of the day tells herself that she can sleep after she has accomplished her responsibilities. However, the repetition of the phrase, â€Å"no promises to keep† (7) could ma ke the reader realize that a literal interpretation of the poem is not enough to deduce the author’s ideas, hence, a deeper level of analysis is needed. An analytical interpretation of the poem requires deducing of meaning based on the author’s use of literary devices.

Diversity Audit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Diversity Audit - Essay Example The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings of a diversity audit conducted on Sitel Corporation. Sitel is reputed to be â€Å"the leading global business process outsourcing provider of customer care and complementary back-office processes† (Sitel, 2010). The Company’s Corporate Social Responsibility program as an agent for societal change wherever Sitel is found around the globe, which specifically totals 140 worldwide locations. It espouses a commitment to culture and values of corporate citizenship, to improving the quality of life of their associates, to providing value to the business and their clients, and to contributing to the communities where they operate and which they call home (Sitel, 2010). The manpower-intensive nature of the Company, and the wide global reach of its operations, provides plenty of opportunities for the firm to pursue diversity and inclusion in its organizational framework. It implies as much in its website where it claims to â€Å"identify and assist individuals† and to provide â€Å"empowerment through education to individuals who could have missed this career opportunity without proper training and coaching† (Sitel, 2010). While not in so many words, the Company agrees to provide opportunities to individuals situated out of the mainstream, or dominant, social group, who normally would not have had the opportunity to engage in jobs such as are offered by Sitel. There are a great many criteria that may be employed to assess diversity, but not all shall be applicable in all cases and for all organizations. Sitel counts among its businesses a widely varied mix of business process outsourcing services including global call centres and personalized customer services. It is therefore necessary to assess the company according to the following attributes (Harvey and Allard, 2008, p. 329): As to an understanding as to the conduct of a

Nick Djokovic Essay Example for Free

Nick Djokovic Essay In today’s world, there are many sport figures one can look up to. We have chosen the best of the best in the tennis world, Novak Djokovic. Djokovic is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world number 1 by the Association of Tennis Professionals. Despite being the underdog during his early years as a professional tennis player, he is now the best professional tennis player overtaking the previous king of tennis Rafael Nadal. Ever since the age of four, he has been interested in tennis. Unlike most children his age, it was not a fleeting interest. He was determined to achieve his dream of becoming the best tennis player in the world. With his steadfast dream, he has won six Grand Slam titles and has brought him to where he is now. This report will cover Djokovic’s personality, values and attitude, motivation and leadership skills that had helped him to achieve his dream. The points highlighted are also the main reason he is worth following as an influential leader. 2.0 Personality The big five model of personality consists of extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience. Djokovic can be seen as a person that is highly extrovert as he is fun-loving, expressive and sociable. During his comeback as the winner in the Australian Open, he was so overjoyed that he threw his racket, wristbands and his shirt to his fans (AOL News, 2011). Djokovic is also socially attached to his fans that he created an application known as ‘Nole4You’ that focuses on a direct coverage of Djokovic’s real time games (New Newsworthy, 2012a). On the other hand, Djokovic is low on the neurotism category as he is much balanced and emotionally stable. According to Suttles (2013), Djokovic was â€Å"gracious in defeat† as every defeat he channels it back into better concentration for the next match. Next, Djokovic is rather high on the agreeableness meter as he shows a great deal of care towards others through his charities. Djokovic created the Novak Djokovic Foundation which supports young children from disadvantaged communities especially in native Serbia (New Newsworthy, 2012b). Besides that, he was also elected as the ambassador of The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) in Serbia as he was utterly concern in the welfare of the people in his hometown as well as the importance in early childhood education in Native Serbia (Look To The Stars, 2011). He was also keen in participating in fights for the betterment of society such as the fight against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) which required him to use the Head Red special edition bag collection from Head to the French Open Grand Slam (Look To The Stars, 2013a). Djokovic is also high in conscientiousness as he is responsible for his career and he is well organized after his achievement in the Australian Open. Although being reckless in his previous season, he is where he is now due to his hard work in perfecting his service techniques and getting his diet right (Carter, 2011). According to Djokovic in an interview, he wants to be consistent in his games and to do this, he has to stay fit and take care of his health and physical condition (The National, 2011). Lastly, Djokovic is very open to new experience. One afternoon in year 2010, Djokovic received a phone call from Dr. Igor Cetojevic who said that his fatigue in the 2010 Aussie Open was due to his diet that consists of glutens that caused an accumulation of toxins in his large intestines. Djokovic listened to his advice to practice a gluten-free diet as well as to build him up spiritually. Besides that, Djokovic also took risk to change his serve technique as advised by Marian Vajda. As a result of Djokovic’s openness, he no longer suffers from fatigues and he felt much happier and balanced. In addition, a change in his serve technique enabled him to defeat the former world number one five times consecutively and brought him to the top of the tennis world (Saslow, 2012). 3.0 Values and Attitude As a well-known figure in the world of tennis, Djokovic has certain values that enable him to enjoy the success that he has today. According to George and Jones (2012, p.93), values are defined as personal convictions about what one should strive for in life and how one should behave. Values are further divided into two categories; work values and ethical values. In terms of work values, there are intrinsic and extrinsic work values. In definition, intrinsic work values are values that are related to the nature of the work itself. Some examples of intrinsic work values that are prominent in Djokovic’s work are the ability to make important contributions to the public, the interesting work and the challenging work that can be done. Firstly, in terms of the ability to make important contributions to the public, Djokovic is well known for his philanthropic work. Due to this status as the highest ranked tennis player, he is very well-connected and is able to influence his fans over his beliefs. From this, he has helped to raise awareness for AIDS, human trafficking, poverty, human rights, women’s rights, children’s rights and many more (Look To The Stars, 2013b). Aside from that, his ability to make important contributions to the public and society is further supported by his status as the ambassador of UNICEF in Serbia. Aside from him advertising his beliefs on social media such as Facebook, Twitter and his video blog, UNICEF has also advertised their cause through Djokovic because of his popularity among the younger generation (UNICEF, 2011). Although generating a high pay from his career, he did not choose this career lifestyle because of it. He started playing tennis at the age of four and played professionally when he was 16 years old. This is due to his passion and interest in tennis. He has trained and played in every single tennis tournament to gain the experience he needed. Even though he has been injured quite a number of times in terms of ankle and knee injuries, that has never stopped him from pursuing his dream of being the best tennis player (Mitchell, 2013). However challenging his work may be, Djokovic never gave up. He continuously pursues his dream of being the best. After relentless practice and competitions, he finally replaced Roger Federer as the top ranked tennis player in the world. This attitude of his is admirable and serves as a constant reminder to his fans that nothing is impossible. On the other hand, extrinsic values are values that are related to the consequences of work. One of the more prominent extrinsic values is the high salary. Not only does he get paid for playing tennis, he gets paid through his endorsements deals with well-known companies such as UNIQLO, Fitline and Telekom Srbjia (Badenhausen, 2011). His salary also includes appearance fees, exhibitions and prize money. Besides that, his career as a tennis player provides him with many job benefits. One of the many is fame. Unlike most athletes, Djokovic enjoys being in the limelight and often shares news and funny anecdotes of his life with his fans. Next, his job provides very flexible working hours. He practices his tennis with his coaches at any time he wants. Due to his flexible working hours, he gets to spend more time with his family and to indulge in vacations as well as hobbies. According to George and Jones (2012, p.97), work attitude is defined as the collection of feelings, beliefs and thoughts about how to behave in one’s job and organisation. Although similar to values, work attitudes are more specific and are not as constant as values as work attitudes change over time. In 2008, although he was winning tournaments, Djokovic hired a new fitness coach in hopes that it will help boost his performance. After the change, he was able to defeat the two reigning champions in the tennis world, namely, Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal. His attitude changed once a new factor was introduced into his life (ESPN, 2010). 4.0 Motivational Theories Everyone in the world possesses a particular set of skills that they are good at in their lives. People who managed to realize their potential often harness that skill and sharpen it to become a much better person. During those times, motivation towards that ability drives them to keep pushing forward in harnessing those skills. Many professional sportsmen and sportswomen started training during childhood. Motivation is what has kept them and pushed them into training harder every day until they finally achieve their goal. According to George and Jones (2012, p. 183), there are three elements of work motivation; direction of behavior, level of effort and level of persistence. Novak Djokovic, world’s best tennis player, possessed all these three elements. For example, although his family had economic problems in Serbia, he still chose to fly to Germany to train despite only being 12 years old. Even as a child, he loved tennis with a passion. He once skipped afternoon classes in school just so he could attend tennis training with his coach (PRPepper Production, 2012). His passion, effort and persistence during training are boundless. His motivation was driven because he loved tennis rather than his parents forcing the sport on him. 4.1 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Djokovic’s efforts and achievements relate a lot to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs consists of five different types of needs from the lowest to the highest; physiological, safety, belongingness, esteems and self-actualization needs (George and Jones, 2012, p. 187). The two needs most emphasized by Djokovic are the esteem needs and self-actualization needs. Right from the beginning, Djokovic was always focused and determined to be the best in the tennis world, which directly means beating the best players in the world such as Roger Federer, Andy Murray, Tommy Haas and Rafael Nadal. Esteem needs emphasizes on an individual being recognized and respected by others (George and Jones, 2012, p.187). Djokovic strived hard during his early years under the guidance of Nikola Pilic. At the age of 16, he was awarded the champion of â€Å"La Boule†. This event leads to the start of his professional career (PRPepper Prodcutions, 2012). However, he did not stop that as he was motivated aim higher. This further explains Maslow’s self-actualization need theory, which is defined as â€Å"needs to realize one’s full potential as a human being†. Djokovic trained hard every day motivated by one goal; to be the best tennis player in the world. Due to him having a high self-actualisation, Djokovic obtained the title of being the best tennis player in the ATP rankings in 2012 after obtaining a 43% winning rate in 2011. Today, Djokovic is further motivated by his lost to Rafeal Nadal in the 2013 French Open. Instead of giving up, Djokovic evaluates his loss as a sense of motivation to train harder in order to win the next tournament, Wimbledon (Gajaria, 2013).

Comparing the Country Estate in Pride and Prejudice and Mansfield Park :: comparison compare contrast essays

Importance of the Country Estate in Pride and Prejudice and Mansfield Park       The world of Jane Austen's novels is a world of the country estate. Her central characters   are members of the parish or landed gentry and their lives and adventures often circle around the local estate and the people who live there. One of Austen's main literary principles was to write only about the things she knew about in her own life, and the world of the landed gentry was one to which she had access. However the country estate in her novels serves a greater purpose than that of a mere background to the lives of her characters. Austen uses the country estate to give the reader an insight into the personalities of her characters, and as a way of discussing political, religious and aesthetic ideas of the period.       One of the most obvious functions of the country estate in both Prideand Prejudice and Mansfield Park is that of mirroring the character of its owners and Inhabitants and thus of providing a symbolic representation of their values and traits of personality. When Elizabeth Bennet visits Pemberley, she is impressed by what she sees:       It was a large, handsome stone building, standing well on rising ground, and backed by a ridge of high woody hills; - and in front, a stream of some natural importance was swelled into greater, but without any artificial appearance. Its banks were neither formal, nor falsely adorned. Elizabeth was delighted. She had never seen a place for which nature had done more, or where natural beauty had been so little counteracted by an awkward taste.  Ã‚  Ã‚   (p.267)    This description occurs at a point when Elizabeth is being forced to reconsider her opinions of Darcy. She has already read his reply to Wickham's slurs on his character, but still believes Darcy to be a man of excessive pride, a belief which is overturned during her visit to Pemberley, and this view of the estate is the first stage of her transformation of opinion. The information which the author gives us enables us to start challenging our assumptions about Darcy, and follow the process which is occurring within the mind of Elizabeth. This description of the estate gives us information about many aspects of Darcy's character. The beauty of the house and grounds make us feel that perhaps he has justification for any pride he displays. Comparing the Country Estate in Pride and Prejudice and Mansfield Park :: comparison compare contrast essays Importance of the Country Estate in Pride and Prejudice and Mansfield Park       The world of Jane Austen's novels is a world of the country estate. Her central characters   are members of the parish or landed gentry and their lives and adventures often circle around the local estate and the people who live there. One of Austen's main literary principles was to write only about the things she knew about in her own life, and the world of the landed gentry was one to which she had access. However the country estate in her novels serves a greater purpose than that of a mere background to the lives of her characters. Austen uses the country estate to give the reader an insight into the personalities of her characters, and as a way of discussing political, religious and aesthetic ideas of the period.       One of the most obvious functions of the country estate in both Prideand Prejudice and Mansfield Park is that of mirroring the character of its owners and Inhabitants and thus of providing a symbolic representation of their values and traits of personality. When Elizabeth Bennet visits Pemberley, she is impressed by what she sees:       It was a large, handsome stone building, standing well on rising ground, and backed by a ridge of high woody hills; - and in front, a stream of some natural importance was swelled into greater, but without any artificial appearance. Its banks were neither formal, nor falsely adorned. Elizabeth was delighted. She had never seen a place for which nature had done more, or where natural beauty had been so little counteracted by an awkward taste.  Ã‚  Ã‚   (p.267)    This description occurs at a point when Elizabeth is being forced to reconsider her opinions of Darcy. She has already read his reply to Wickham's slurs on his character, but still believes Darcy to be a man of excessive pride, a belief which is overturned during her visit to Pemberley, and this view of the estate is the first stage of her transformation of opinion. The information which the author gives us enables us to start challenging our assumptions about Darcy, and follow the process which is occurring within the mind of Elizabeth. This description of the estate gives us information about many aspects of Darcy's character. The beauty of the house and grounds make us feel that perhaps he has justification for any pride he displays.